Showing posts with label ussr. Show all posts
Showing posts with label ussr. Show all posts

Friday, January 10, 2020

Gentlemen Comrades

Not to be confused with “Comrade Detective”, a miniseries which takes place in Bucharest in 1984, back when Ceaucescu was still running things.  That deserves a brief mention on its own merits.  All the actors are Romanian and speak Romanian (with English subtitles), but in addition to the subtitles, they are overdubbed in English by A-List actors such as Channing Tatum, who seem to heartily enjoy the whole thing.  It hit a soft spot for me, having been to Bucuresti in 2006 and having a failed romance with a buxom and provocative but unfaithful Romanian woman, Gia.  Maybe that affair deserves a blog entry – maybe not.  Anyhow.

This one is in Russian with English subtitles and takes place in early 1918.  It seems Bolsheviks took over and immediately fired all former Tsarist police officers, and/or Okhrana, Tsar’s secret police.  By way,  Okhrana, in 1904 (!!!!) was investigating whether someone would fly a biplane loaded with TNT into Winter Palace in St. Petersburg.  Decades before 9/11, and only a year after Wright Brothers flew, someone in law enforcement was already checking this out.  Amazing.

Anyhow.  Firing all former cops didn’t magically make crime disappear in USSR, and new Bolshevik cops, perhaps politically reliable, had zero experience chasing down ordinary criminals, so Reds reluctantly realized that maybe – just maybe – it might be a good idea to swallow their pride and ask a former Tsarist police detective, one they didn’t summarily execute or send to Siberia, to help out.   Fortunately for them, they found a very competent and patient man to do so: Varaksin.   They team him up with a new Bolshevik officer – still wearing his striped shirt from the Navy’s Baltic Fleet – Sokolov (catchphrase: “friggin’ soot!”) – and together they solve crimes in new U S S R.  Quite interesting.

I have several guns – not an Arsenal, of course – and if one of those guns figures prominently in a movie or TV show I can’t help but pull it out while I watch and enjoy.   In Season 4 of “Man in the High Castle”, rebels are equipped with Russian submachine guns and AK47s, latter of which I own, so naturally my all-black AK47 wound up in my arms as I saw Juliana and her comrades attack Nazi portal in Pennsylvania.  

Here, most prominent weapon is Mosin-Nagant bolt-action rifle – usually with bayonet attached.  (One character, Melnikov, accuses Bolsheviks of waving Mausers around, to which Sokolov replies that he prefers Mosin – although only weapon I see him brandishing on a regular basis is his revolver.)  I have 91/30 rifle, from its markings produced at state arsenal in 1932, full length with bolt sticking straight out (like original German Mauser Gewehr 98 of WWI) – carbine and sniper models have bolt turned down (like Mauser 98K of WWII).  Although I have bayonet, I prefer not to attach it to avoid accidents. 

Up to now there are 16 episodes.  No word yet on whether there will be subsequent seasons, as they haven’t even reached July 1918 when Tsar and his entire family were murdered in Sverdlovsk amidst the Civil War.  Latter only petered out in 1922 when Bolsheviks finally managed to defeat each of competing forces in turn (see my reprint of my Russian Civil War blog).   Intriguing that Bolshevik officers recognize Varaksin’s competence but also reliability, especially since Cheka is here in black leather jackets (English subtitles prematurely referring to them as KGB).       

Friday, May 15, 2015

The White Album

It seems the Beatles album everyone goes nuts for is Sgt Pepper, but myself, John Lennon, and Charles Manson have a different preference, the self-titled double album released in November 1968, better known as simply the White Album.

My introduction to the album came from the “Blue Album” compilation, The Beatles ’67-70.  But only three tracks, “Back in the USSR”, “While My Guitar Gently Weeps”, and “Ob-la-di, Ob-la-da” made it onto that compilation – barely the tip of the iceberg. 

I did get it on vinyl – the American version, in stereo.  It included 4 portrait photos of the band and a poster, one pic showing John naked on a bed.  See that once and then fold up the poster forever.  Most of the material was written when the band was in India, but recorded in the UK when they returned.  Ringo quit the band briefly, later persuaded to return. 

Back in the USSR.  In March 1983 our school trip took us to the USSR – back when it still was the USSR.  I brought my Walkman (remember those?) and several tapes, including this one.  We all gathered in our room at the Hotel Bratislava in Kiev and listened to this one.  I seem to recall we even sang the chorus to “Rocky Raccoon”. 

Side 1.  “Back in the USSR”, “Dear Prudence”, “Glass Onion”, “Ob-La-Di, “Ob-La-Da”, “Wild Honey Pie”, “The Continuing Story of Bungalow Bill”, “While My Guitar Gently Weeps” (with guitar by Eric Clapton), and “Happiness Is A Warm Gun”.   Of these, the opener and “While My Guitar Gently Weeps” are my favorites.  “Happiness” took awhile to grow on me, but I eventually accepted it.

Side 2.  “Martha My Dear”, “I’m So Tired”, “Blackbird”, “Piggies”, “Rocky Raccoon”, “Don’t Pass Me By”, “Why Don’t We Do It In the Road?”, “I Will”, and “Julia”.  RR used to be my favorite at first, but I immediately liked “Don’t Pass Me By” and got hooked on “I’m So Tired” on the Russia trip.

Side 3.  “Birthday”, “Yer Blues”, “Mother Nature’s Son”, “Everybody’s Got Something To Hide Except For Me And My Monkey”, “Sexy Sadie”, “Helter Skelter”, and “Long, Long, Long”.   “Helter Skelter” is my favorite, one of the heaviest songs the Beatles ever recorded: thank you, Paul.

In fact, I liked “Helter Skelter” so much, that for a long time I never got around to listening to Side 4 [the same reason I ignored side two of Led Zeppelin IV, after the final track of side one].  I mean, how could they top “Helter Skelter”? 

Side 4.  “Revolution 1” [much slower than the single version of “Revolution”, which I prefer], “Honey Pie”, “Savoy Truffle”, “Cry Baby Cry”, “Revolution #9”, and “Good Night”.  #9 is one of the Beatles’ worst songs, and Yoko Ono’s role in this is probably why.  As annoying and unlistenable as R#9 is, your reward for continuing to the end is the delightful “Good Night”, sung by Ringo.  Nowadays with CD players and iTunes you can simply > to “Good Night”, but with vinyl you’re rarely motivated enough – even by R#9 – to get off your ass and move the needle. 

In addition to the trip of seeing Tony Iommi play guitar with Jethro Tull, and an excellent performance of “A Quick One” by the Who, another advantage of watching the Rolling Stones’ Rock’n’Roll Circus is to see “Dirty Mac” (Lennon, Clapton, Keith Richards on bass, and Mitch Mitchell on drums) play “Yer Blues”, although the usually talented Clapton completely drops the ball on the solo.  The Stones’ own performance is actually pretty good.  Brian Jones was still there, Keith plays a Les Paul Custom, and Mick has yet to degenerate into his androgynous persona of the 1970s.  They’re promoting Beggar’s Banquet, but the material is solid. 

Helter Skelter.  We can’t do this without mentioning Manson, can we?  Vincent Bugliosi, the L.A. prosecutor who put Manson and his family behind bars, studied Manson’s views extensively to develop his theory on the case.  Why did Manson order his followers to murder Tate & her friends, and the LaBianca couple?  Since Manson himself did not murder anyone, Bugliosi had to have some sort of explanation for a conspiracy.
            Manson believed that a race war was inevitable between blacks and whites in California.  The blacks would win, of course, but they needed some encouragement.  Manson hoped that attacking affluent whites, while having his lunatics scrawl “PIGS” and such on the walls, would convince whites that blacks were behind this and stoke up white hatred for blacks.  Instead, everyone just realized the killers were crazed lunatics, regardless of what race they were.  By the way:  Manson’s plan was that after the blacks took over, they would be clueless on how to rule.  The Manson family, having hidden out in Death Valley while the war was going on, would emerge safely, confront the blacks, and put them in their places telling them to “go back and pick cotton”.  Yes, that was what the Beatles supposedly told Manson in “Helter Skelter”. 

Sgt Pepper is an excellent album.  And coming right after Revolver, it blew people’s minds.  Hell, I can even enjoy “Within Without You” (though when it comes to Harrison’s Indian-flavored material, I prefer Revolver’s “For You To”).  The White Album is all over the place.  While it has two of the worst songs (“Wild Honey Pie” and “R#9”) it also has some of their best, including “While My Guitar Gently Weeps” and “Helter Skelter”.  I suppose after being treated to a concept album, this heterogenous mix is a letdown; I beg to differ – leave consistency to concept albums and allow the rest to be enjoyed as they were meant to be, as a collection of songs which may have nothing to do with each other but share excellence.  To me it’s an epic masterpiece, and deserves more recognition and respect relative to Sgt. Pepper.   Enjoy.

Thursday, January 27, 2011

Spain's Blue Division

More war!  Oh boy!  And yes, Nazis are involved…in a way.

 When Hitler invaded Russia in 1941, he needed some help, as the Russians had far more men than the Germans.  Using his political muscle, he convinced the Finns, Czechs, Hungarians, Romanians, Italians, and Spanish to contribute forces to the mix, not counting the volunteers who flocked to the Waffen SS, or turncoat Russians, Ukrainians, Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, Georgians, Armenians, and other locals who weren’t too thrilled with Stalin and were willing to fight against him alongside the Germans.

 Unlike the Hungarians and Romanians, however, the Spanish unit was completely volunteers.  In fact, Franco was not keen on sending forces.  Without a doubt, there is no way Franco could have won in Spain without Hitler’s help.  German Ju-52s airlifted Franco’s army from Morocco to Spain, and the Condor Legion helped give Franco air superiority; German weapons and advisors were also extremely critical in securing the Fascist victory.  Yet when it came to reciprocate for Hitler, Franco was extremely reluctant.  Basically he walked out of the German restaurant without paying for his high quality schnitzel, schnapps, and a nice little BJ under the table from Helga. 

 But these men were eager to serve.  Why?  These were Falangists who were (A) grateful to Hitler for helping the Generalissimo eradicate the plague of communism from Spain, and (B) hated communism enough to go to the frozen swamps of North Russia to fight the Red Army.  Just as the Waffen SS veterans serving in the French Foreign Legion in North Vietnam saw that conflict as an extension of their own battles on the Eastern Front in WWII, so did these Spaniards view the battle against the Red Army as an extension of the prior battle against communists in Spain in their own civil war, which had ended just two years before.  In other words, what Franco was unwilling to do, these men were. 

 Sidetrack on anti-communism.  These days it seems “communist” and “socialist” are terms bandied about recklessly by Republicans, used to describe not only true socialists like Michael Moore, Ralph Nader or Paul Wellstone, but also moderate liberal Democrats, including our own beloved Chocolate Jesus.  And with the debacle of the Vietnam War, and Joe McCarthy’s defeat in the 1950s, the liberal establishment has quite effectively discredited anti-communism as a viable political agenda in the US.  Legitimate refugees from communist dictatorships, such as Cubans escaping from Castro’s regime or the boat people from Vietnam, are pretty much ignored or written off as cranks.  The Nazis remain perpetual bad guys, but when it comes to Stalin, Mao, or Pol Pot, the general attitude is, “what’s the big deal?”  Yet there is a thick volume, the Black Book of Communism, which chronicles the heavy body count of communist atrocities from the Russian Civil War (1917-22) all the way to the present day, with a natural focus on the USSR and Red China.   I don’t recall Spain being included, mainly because the communists failed to win the Civil War.  That doesn’t mean the PSUC didn’t have blood on its hands, not merely Falangists and Carlists, but innocent civilians, priests, nuns, monks, and even their fellow travelers of moderate socialists and anarchists (e.g. crackdown on POUM in Barcelona in May 1937).  While the Falangists had their own crimes to answer for, Stalin’s minions in Spain were competitive in brutality and ruthlessness.   To the Falangists of the Blue Division, communism was a very real threat, a very tangible octopus of evil, with its center in Moscow.  Having cut off a tentacle in Spain, the obvious next step was to slay it at home, in Russia.  

Their initial leader was General Agustin Munoz Grandes, who was well loved by his own troops and respected by the Germans.  The unit operated in Army Group North, in the Leningrad sector, and was heavily mauled in the battle of Krasny Bor in 1943.  The units were never large, and had no strategic impact, but they fought hard, fought well, and impressed both the Germans and the Russians with their skill and determination.  This was even more impressive due to the horrendous cold and snow, and nasty summer swampy weather (with mosquitos and malaria), a climate completely alien to Spaniards and unknown in Spain or its colonies. 

Friday, March 12, 2010

Iron Mike and Uncle Joe


I’ve been reading another book about Josef Stalin (“In the Court of the Red Tsar”, by Simon Sebag Montefiore, but the title sounds like “Crimson King” to me) and he bears an uncanny resemblance to the former coach of the Chicago Bears, Mike Ditka.  They both have abundant heads of hair (much to George Contanza’s envy) and full mustaches – and are the men of Iron and Steel.  And the “national animal”, the mascot of Russia is…the Bear!  Coincidence?

 Mike Ditka.  Born October 18, 1939 in Pennsylvania.  He played in the NFL from 1961 to 1972 with the Bears (’61-66), Eagles (’67-68) and Cowboys (‘69-72) – and was on the Cowboys team that won the Super Bowl in 1971.  More recently he was the coach of the Saints from 1997-1999, well before Sean Peyton brought them glory this season.  He was sacked as the Saints coach, then appeared in an “early retirement” Super Bowl commercial immediately thereafter.  Nice.
 But he is mainly known as the hard-charging, balls-of-steel, no-nonsense coach of the Chicago Bears from 1982-1992, including their famous Super Bowl victory against the New England Patriots in 1985.  This was the team that featured Jim McMahon (always wearing his sunglasses – well, almost always…see above right) and “Refridgerator” Perry (who got all the publicity) as well as Walter Payton and Mike Singletary.  The funny thing was, back in 1986 we could not watch Super Bowls in Paris, where we were living.  But the Chicago Pizza Pie Factory had recently opened on the Champs Elysees, and to say they were proud of the Bears would be a massive understatement.  So 99% of our awareness of Ditka and the ’85-86 Bears comes from that restaurant.  Later on, Ditka was constantly named in the George Wendt & Chris Farley SNL sketches.  “Bears in a bus in the Indy 500.”  “Who’s driving?”  “Ditka.”  “Da BEARS!”

 Josef Stalin.  Born Josef Vissarionovich Djugashvili December 18, 1878, in Gori, Georgia, died March 5, 1953.  Supposedly he got his famous name – itself an homage to his hero, Vladimir Ulyanov “Lenin” – from a former girlfriend, Ludmilla Stal.  After a brief spell in a seminary in Georgia, where he picked up atheism and Marxism (the priesthood was considered a better deal than shoemaker, which was his father’s profession) he joined the Bolshevik movement which he supported robbing banks, writing poetry, and chasing skirts.  He was sent to prison and exile several times, though “exile” simply meant “taken out to some remote village with only a single cop looking after him”.  After a few times in which he simply got back on a train west, Okhrana (the Tsar’s secret police) finally got a clue and shipped him so far north of the Arctic Circle that he couldn’t get back, until 1916 when they brought him back to draft him into service in WWI – and even then he was exempted due to poor health.  D’oh!
            “Country Joe”, of Country Joe and the Fish, the 60s band which featured at Woodstock in 1969 with their “Fixin’ To Die Rag” (“one-two-three-what are we fighting for? Don’t ask me I don’t give a damn, next stop is Vietnam!”) is named after Stalin; his parents were Berkeley leftists. 
            During the Russian Civil War he had some role in the fighting in Tsaritsyn (better known as Stalingrad).  After Lenin died in 1924, Stalin spent ’24-29 consolidating power, winning the power struggle against his major rival, Leon Trotsky, who was forced into exile and later murdered in Mexico City in 1940 by Stalin’s assassins.  By 1929 he was considered the USSR’s ruler.  In the late 20s and early 30s he industrialized Russia by means of brutal 5 Year Plans, which starved peasants by the millions and forced the kulaks (rich peasants) who survived onto collective farms.  In 1937 he murdered thousands of his own party members, NKVD agents, and Red Army officers in brutal purges; better kill innocents, they thought, than let a single traitor go free.  He successfully led the Soviet Union through its “Great Patriotic War” in WWII, and eventually died in 1953.   His full body count is extensively chronicled in The Black Book of Communism.

 I can hardly imagine that Mike Ditka is capable of murdering millions of innocent civilians, or even fellow Bolsheviks, not to mention Vikings or Packers, but I do like his gruff manner and straightforward style; very much the “Stalin” of the NFL.  Another major deal is that Stalin was fairly short and never particularly healthy or robust, which kept him out of the Tsar’s Army, although he did like fishing and hunting.  Ditka, of course, was a tall, imposing figure and a successful NFL player.  Stalin enjoyed the arts, particularly poetry, and even wrote his own poetry.  I can’t imagine Ditka having any use for such things.  While he’s described as an arch-conservative, very Republican, Ditka passed on running for the Senate slot which ended up becoming Obama’s; our current President might be McCain if Ditka had successfully challenged Obama for the Illinois US Senate position.  The irony, then is that Stalin was more powerful and ruthless in terms of his impact on the world around him and his own country, whereas Ditka was physically and personally a much more substantial and powerful person. 

Friday, December 18, 2009

Russian Civil War


Anyone who has endured the endless (zzz) epic, “Dr. Zhivago”, should have some idea of what this was.  Not to be confused with the Spanish Civil War (1936-39), US Civil War (1861-65), or English Civil War (1641-51).  This occurred immediately after World War I (1917), which the Soviets refer to as “The Imperialist War”, as opposed to WWII which they call “The Great Patriotic War”. 

 November 1917.  The Bolsheviks (aka “Bolo” or “Reds”) had just taken power in Petrograd (St. Petersburg).  Antonov-Ovseenko simply walked into the HQ room at the Winter Palace and took over: total casualties, 6.  World War I was still going on, and Germans were still in Poland and the Ukraine.  In January 1918, Trotsky negotiated the treaty of Brest-Litovsk, which took the Russians out of WWI.  Not everyone – in Russia or abroad - was thrilled with the Bolsheviks, so simply having taken Petrograd and Moscow did not settle the matter.  A civil war broke out that lasted the next two years – with more fighting at the periphery continuing well into the 30s.

 Red Army.  The Red Army of Peasants and Workers was formed by Trotsky from the Red Guards, mostly workers from Petrograd and Moscow.  For most, if not all, of the war, the Reds had the advantage in numbers.  Their top, elite unit was the Latvian Rifle Division – crucial in the first year of the war.  Moreover, none of the White attacks on Petrograd (Udenich) or Moscow were successful, so the Reds managed to hold on to these centers of population and industry, fighting in the Ukraine, north up near Estonia, east over by the Urals, and south near Tsaritsyn (better known as Stalingrad, now known as Volgograd), eventually defeating each enemy in turn. 
            The defining characteristic of the Red uniform was the budenovka, the pointy hat with earflaps, usually with a cloth red star on the front (see Stalin, above left).  The gymnasterka, peasant blouse, was worn by both sides.  The top Red leaders were Trotsky – who was a genius at military organization despite no military experience, Frunze (who they named their military academy after), Budenny (cavalry commander, source of the name “budenovka”), Voroshilov, Tukachevsky, and Chapeav.
  Before the hammer & sickle, there was the hammer & plough - considerably more complicated and equally less aesthetically pleasing.  The sickle replaced the plough around 1922.

 Cheka. In addition to the Red Army itself, the Reds used Cheka, the first form of its secret police, although at this point it was very much in the open.  Its agents wore leather jackets, a mark of distinction and authority which continued with its successor, the NKVD.  Cheka hired criminals, murderers, all sorts of violent scum - with colorful names and personalities: “Johnson”, Maslova, “The Remover" - and set up prisons and camps.  It engaged in torture, murder, scalping, impaling, all sorts of nasty atrocities that horrified even the Reds themselves.  The terror had already begun. 

 War Communism.  In a related vein, the Reds took over any and all businesses within their sphere of influence, killing any managers or owners who were late in escaping abroad.  Industrial productivity, as can be imagined, fell to a fraction of pre-war capacity.  They also requisitioned all surplus grain of the peasants AND forcibly conscripted them into the Red Army.  Needless to say, these policies were not popular.  Peasant revolts (e.g. the Antonov uprising) were a constant issue for the Reds well into the 20s.  Actual famines certainly didn’t help any. 
            Soon after the war, when the situation cooled down somewhat, Lenin instituted a crash course in capitalism, the New Economic Policy (NEP), recognizing that the proletarian revolution had occurred in a country – Russia – which had barely emerged from feudalism (serfs only emancipated in 1863) and had not developed full and true capitalism.  The prevailing wisdom among the socialists at the turn of the century was that the US and Western Europe were the countries ripe for socialist revolution, not backwards countries like Russia.  In Spain during the Spanish Civil War, it was the “communist” party line that Spain had to go through capitalism before arriving at socialism, so the idea was to back up and support a bourgeois capitalist regime and oppose not only the reactionary Fascists but also the anarchists who wanted “true communism” too soon.  In Russia, “war communism” became the name for the horrendously unpopular and draconian policies undertaken during the civil war, justified as being wartime expedients – even though many of these policies would be reinstated after the NEP was over, with no civil war to justify them at that time. 

 White Army.   These were mainly anti-Bolshevik, but they could not agree on what they wanted to replace the Reds with – especially since the Romanovs were murdered in July 1918 in Sverdlovsk.  They typically wore Russian WWI uniforms and carried icons into battle.  Some units were composed entirely of officers.  Kappel’s unit (part of Kolchak’s forces) had the impressive skull and crossbones and black uniforms.
            The top White leaders: Kornilov – his Shock Division was one of the best units in the White Army, and came closest to taking Moscow, he looked like Tim Allen with a mustache; Alexeyev: charismatic and popular general; Denikin: a very charismatic and popular General who won medals in the Russo-Japanese War and WWI; Kolchak:  An admiral, he set up a republic in the east, supported by the British and based at Omsk, but never succeeded at hooking up with any forces to the west – Graves had lots of nasty things to say about Semonov and Kalmikov, Kolchak’s ruthless local commanders in Siberia; Wrangel: he took over from Denikin, and was the last white commander – his forces tried to evacuate at the Black Sea in late 1920; Yudenich: he fought up north, an unsuccessful attempt to capture Petrograd; as well as Kutepov and Markov.

 Black Army.  Entire anarchist (!) armies raised by Nestor Makhno (above right).  They wore long hair and carried lots of guns.  The anarchists had a bad habit of attacking everyone.  After being used by the Reds to beat the Whites, they were wiped out in turn by the Reds.

 Ukrainians.  They wanted their independence from Russia, but the various factions fought the Reds, Whites, and each other and were defeated in turn.  The Ukraine was one of the most contested areas of the war: Kiev changed hands 19 times.

 Cossacks.  These are the famous cavalry of Russia.  There were various different “tribes”, some of whom joined the Whites, others joined the Reds.  As cavalry played a major role in the war, the Cossacks were in big demand by both sides.  There were even horse-drawn machine gun carts.

 Germans.  After Brest-Litovsk in January 1918, the Germans were able to pull out substantial forces from the East and transfer them to the West, in an attempt to defeat the Allies before US troops could arrive.  Germans didn’t play an active role in the war as a military force, although they did supply some factions with weapons, uniforms and helmets.  Some individual Germans of pro-Marxist persuasion did join the Red Army.  On November 11, 1918, the Germans called it quits, so their forces withdrew, ending whatever role or involvement they had.

 Austrians & Hungarians.  In the course of WWI, the Russians captured Austrians and Hungarians (whose armies rivalled the Russians’ for incompetence).  Many of these POWs had Marxist persuasion and joined the Red Army.  There were some Hungarian units, and an Austrian cavalry squadron.

 Czechs.  They had a whole legion stranded in Russia.  They wound up in Siberia (see my blog “Doughboys in Russia”).  They were mildly anti-Bolshevik but, like many other factions in the war, looking out for their own best interests.  Their uniforms were pretty much Russian Tsarist WWI with some minor Czech insignia.

 Polish.  Taking advantage of the chaos in Russia, the Poles invaded, arriving at Kiev.  The Reds threw them back into Poland, besieging Warsaw.  The Poles broke the siege, threw the Reds back into the Ukraine, and both sides called it even.  This  allowed the Poles to finally keep their country (at least until 1939…).

 Green Armies.  Not environmental, but rather bandit armies with no loyalties or allegiances, either mobs of demobilized soldiers, nationalists, or Social Revolutionaries – pretty much a catch-all to cover any forces which can’t be labeled Red, White, Black, Ukrainian, etc.    

Peasant Armies.  Lenin had no use for workers or peasants in his government.  Moreover, not all the peasants were poor, or particularly disposed to favor the Bolsheviks (see “war communism” above).  In 1920-21, an entire army – with units, ranks, hierarchy – was raised by Antonov, and opposed by the Reds’ best generals…and defeated.

Allied Intervention.  I already mentioned the US forces sent to Siberia and North Russia.  The French sent troops to Odessa, and the British came in at Baku – their main angle was protecting their oil interests in that sector.  The Brits sent lots of supplies to the Whites and equipped a fair amount of white armies.  They also sent numbers of Mark IV and V tanks.  They set up a training area in Novorossisk – tanks, planes, etc.  The major problem the British and French had was that they had just finished WWI and no one really wanted to pour substantial forces into a brand new war. 

Tanks, Armored Cars, and Trains.  Tanks didn’t have much of a role.  The British provided some Mark IV and V tanks, some of which fought up on the Petrograd front.  Armored cars (equipped with machine guns) and armored trains, with machine guns and artillery, played a much more substantial role in the war.

The major years were 1918, 1919, and 1920.  By November 1920, Wrangel was evacuating the Crimea, ending the last major White operations.   The Antonov (peasant) rebellion was crushed in 1921.  Further east, various isolated groups held out, each to be dealt with in turn.  By 1922 the Reds had conquered the East, and the whole situation stabilized sufficiently that the country could be formed: the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). 

Friday, October 23, 2009

My Adventures in Europe, Canada and Vegas


Other Trips.  Here’s the part where I brag about all the places I’ve been to – aside from the places I’ve already bragged about in earlier blogs (mainly Brazil and Romania).  Unlike Erma Bombeck, I won’t try to disguise this as complaints (“where’s the bathroom?  Where’s the gift shop?”) but take it as you find it.   None of these trips were backpacking or spent in youth hostels, by the way – mostly as a kid with my family or school.

 South of France.  In summer 1979, having moved to France in January of that year, my family took a trip to the French Riviera.  We stayed in a small French medieval village, Tourrette (sic), with narrow, winding streets and no Internet.   This was up in the hills, very different terrain than in northern France around Paris, where it is mostly flat and farmland.  Adults might call it “charming”, but as a kid I’d simply consider it “medieval.”  However, it did have running water and electricity, so it wasn’t exactly camping.  Without the Black Plague, I can’t say it was truly medieval.
            I recall the drive was 10-12 hours each way, with lots of backed-up traffic outside Lyon.  For some reason I was hoping to find some Asterix the Legionary memorabilia, but who knows why anyone would have been selling any.  We went to the beach at St. Rafael, as Cannes was too crowded.  The most notable thing about French beaches, aside from them being topless (which I noticed even at 10 years old), were the excellent French fry stands.  We also went to a local lake one day.  Finally we breezed through Nice and took a day tour of Monte Carlo, aka Monaco, which had its own royal palace which was a blatant ripoff of Versailles.  My experience with beaches up till this time had been limited to Ocean City, Maryland.  The waves at these beaches in France were almost none – but the views were somewhat more exciting.

 Ski Trips x2 – Saas Fee.  My brother and I went skiing in Switzerland with Marymount.  This was our first time, so we started off snowplowing.  My parents had to scramble with us to buy ski clothes in downtown Paris, including thermal underwear – and I drove them crazy insisting on a pair of “moon boots”.  I remember a Dutch auction on the first trip, and some fondue restaurant on one of them.  This is where I first learned skiing – 1979-82?  The years escape me.  The only other thing was our friend Steve’s older brother Dave bringing a bunch of Deep Purple tapes (“Machine Head”?).  Aside from the chalet itself, the only other part of Switzerland we saw during these trips was the ski village where the slopes were.

 London.  I lose track of how many times we visited, various times between 1979 and 1985.  A friend of my father’s, in the USTTA, lived near Baron’s Court in southwest London, and we’d trade apartments with them.  The first time we drove and took the hovercraft, then a ferry from Ostend, Belgium, and finally said “screw it” (we hated the 5 hour drive back to Paris from Calais) and took the plane.  To this day, if you set me off the Tube in Baron’s Court, I could probably trace my way to their apartment.  Downtown we saw Buckingham Palace, the US Embassy (though we preferred the Navy Annex around the corner), Hamleys, Harrod’s, Selfridge’s, all the most important stuff.  In summer 1983 we saw “Return of the Jedi” at Leicester Square (with idiot Brit kids behind us yelping “ooh, Wheetabix!” and “corr… there’s Darth Vader”).  In summer 1985 we survived Donington – including Metallica with Cliff Burton!  Woohoo!   In London we could speak ENGLISH and hear it spoken – and get Asterix and Tintin books in English.  We also sought out Intellivision tapes, and I got some good models at Hamley’s, and later a few roleplaying games – I even trekked out to Eastcote to buy Cults of Prax from some guy; and we did a live action D&D adventure in some caves in Chistlehurst, traveling in some quaint Hogwarts Express with cabins that opened directly onto the platform.  War nut, I got to see the Imperial War Museum.  We’d watch BBC TV and understand it – even if it was a bit quaint and not as exciting, slick or professional as American TV.   It’s funny, now I’m nuts about Arsenal and English football, but back when we were there, I had no use for it and ignored it completely.  D’oh!

 Italy.  This was in spring 1981, a school trip (Marymount-Paris) to Rome and Pompeii.  We saw the Colosseum (from outside), passed by briefly the Circus Maximus – home of the chariot races (a la Ben Hur), and listened to the “Hell’s Bells” bells of St. Peters, which we actually went in – but did not meet the Pope or Robert Langdon.  Whatever “sights” there are to see in Rome (big face supposed to eat your hand, fountains, Spanish steps, etc) we saw; we probably ended up in most of the various churches featured in “Angels & Demons” – except for St. Peters and the Parthenon, they’re all more or less the same. 
            On the way down the Pompeii we scored some cap guns which were lots of fun but drove the teachers nuts.  Unfortunately Pink Floyd were long gone from Pompeii, but it was still fun. 
            We stayed at Marymount campus in Rome, and were entertained with student-appropriate fun at night. They showed us “Fame” one night, and “Bullitt” another.  My major focus was getting Coca Cola from the vending machine in the cafeteria every morning, horrifying everyone by having Coke for breakfast.
            Although I went with the school, my family went at the same time, loosely tracking our itinerary and meeting up with me in Rome and Pompeii.   That certainly made it more fun.  My dad had asked me, beforehand, if it was “cool with me” if they went too, and I said sure – far be it from me to want the experience to be exclusive to myself.

 USSR.  This was one of my favorite and most memorable trips.   Bucharest I went to long after Ceaucescu was overthrown, but Russia was different.  This was   10-12 days in March 1983 on a school trip in high school (American School of Paris).  Kiev, Moscow and Leningrad (aka Petrograd or St. Petersburg).  This was the Soviet Union, the USSR, full blown communist dictatorship.  Brezhnev had died, followed shortly after by Yuri Andropov, so at this time Chernenko was the leader – before Gorbachev, glasnost or perestroika.  The only Western item was Pepsi – no McDonalds, no neon, no gangsters.  All three cities appeared to be mostly devoid of color – except red – or happy, joyous people, aside from tourists, who were happy and joyous because we didn’t live there.  Any and all “consumer products” were cheap and shitty, with unimaginative generic packaging out of the 50s.  They had FOUR different types of car.  The TV had …farm reports?  It was like a huge open-air prison.  No wonder vodka was so plentiful.
            I didn’t manage to trade for anything with Russian soldiers, instead I scored tons of communist posters for almost nothing, a St. Basil’s, a balalaika, lots of Red pins, and a stuffed animal from the GUM Dept. store across Red Square from Lenin’s Tomb (which I didn’t visit).  The problem with this trip was that none of my friends were on it, so I was pretty much stuck at the hotel most of the time at night by myself. 
            In Moscow we did go to the ballet (not the Bolshoi, though) to see “Don Quixote”, taking the Metro there.  The Metro is worth a trip in itself: white and black marble statues of workers, peasants, soldiers and sailors – unlike ANY other subway in the world.  It’s a museum of propaganda that doubles as a real urban transit system.  It’s ironic that the Washington DC metro is so dull and utilitarian – every station with the same dark concrete interiors – while Moscow has something truly beautiful and wonderful.  Thanks, Stalin!
            When we went to Red Square during the day, I had left my camera back in the hotel.  D’oh!  In Leningrad we stayed at the Astoria Hotel, where Hitler bragged he would invite his generals to lunch once the German siege had successfully captured the city (didn’t happen).  That’s also where I had chicken Kiev for the first time, as the hotel in Kiev (Bratislava) was some cheap, concrete monstrosity, not nearly classy enough to serve the delicious meal named for its city.  The tour guides referred to the Germans as “Fascists”, so as not to offend any East Germans.  The guides consistently refused to be baited into criticizing the Soviet regime.  WWI was referred to as “The Imperialist War”, and WWII as “The Great Patriotic War”.  We even met a group of Russian college students, who were friendly and definitely eager to talk – and bond – with American students.  Among the less memorable moments were the endless litany of monestaries – old churches, Russian Orthodox monks, etc.  Maybe my dad would have appreciated that, but I certainly didn’t.  I wanted to see tanks (and saw a few in Kiev).  In Kiev, we listened to, and sang along to, “Back in the USSR” in my hotel room.  As you can imagine, it was quite an adventure. 

 Lourdes.  This is a small town in the far south of France, in the Pyrenees mountains which divide France from Spain.  It’s a famous pilgrimage place thanks to St. Bernadette, who discovered a holy spring with healing powers.  My family went there, bringing my grandmother along, and bringing back lots of bottles of the water. 
            On one hand, the place was very depressing.  Lots of old and sick people desperately hoping to be cured by the waters of the grotto, which was lined with ancient crutches.  On the other hand, it’s up in the mountains, with beautiful scenery, even better than “The Sound of Music”.  Even so, I was glad to be out of there.

 Egypt.  This was a class trip in high school, for about 4 days, starting and ending in Cairo with Luxor (the real Luxor) in between. It was hot, dry, and very dirty.   We saw the Great Pyramid of Cheops, the Sphinx, lots of ancient temples full of pillars and statutes but no roof or Egyptian priests…and certainly no mummies.  The Pyramid was somewhat of a letdown, as inside it’s only short square passages leading to an empty burial chamber (“that’s IT?”) – well, what did you expect?  The damn thing is just a huge tombstone you can bury some Pharaoh IN, instead of in front of.  The Valley of Kings was a bit more interesting, including King Tut’s Tomb.  We brought back a fez, a few ankhs, some parchment with hieroglypics, and not much else.  I had been reading H.P. Lovecraft, but we saw no signs of Nyarlathotep.  Damn.

 Holland.  At some point my family visited Amsterdam.  During this trip we took a day trip which included Rotterdam, The Hague, Delft, a wooden shoe factory, a tulip warehouse, among other things which clearly weren’t important enough to remember.  I do remember Amsterdam’s red light district and the Anne Frank house.  There were a few windmills, but no floods.  Everyone seemed to speak English and be very friendly towards Americans.

 The Hague.  In January 1985 and January 1986, I visited the Hague for Model United Nations.  Unlike the USSR trip, this time I was among friends.  In ’85 my companions were my Canadian friends Phil, Sean & Sean, whereas in ’86 it was Marc, Geoff and Jean (of German wedding fame) who went off on their own [Ok, in ’85 I was there among friends].  Most of the day was spent at the MUN building.  In ’85 I was on the Ukrainian SSR delegation on the topic of apartheid – one of dozens of delegates trying (unsuccessfully) to get MY damn resolution passed.  In ’86 I was on the Israeli delegation, also on the apartheid issue – even less successful because Israel was one of the few countries sticking up for South Africa.  I met with the South African, US, and UK delegates and we all agreed that it was pointless to try to get anything passed.  Then everyone went off to socialize.  The General Assembly was pretty cool, but most of the time you’d just goof off at the table and pass resolutions around.  I have to wonder how much more productive and useful the real UN is.

 Belgium.  Like London, this was one place we visited fairly often.  90% of the time this meant SHAPE and the PX, staying in Mons.  We also visited Bruges once (of which I recall so little, none of the Colin Farrell movie struck me as familiar) and Brussels, which I remember (A) the Mannequin Pis, (B) the Metropole Hotel (with its pitch black hotel room), (D) tram cars, (E) waffles, and (F) the Atom-whatever sculpture for some World’s Fair, not much competition for the Eiffel Tower.

 Germany.  Regrettably, I’ve been to far less of Germany, far less often than I’d have liked.  I’ve already noted several times my obsession with Nazi Germany and WWII, but my experiences have been very few.
1.  Trips with my family to Kaiserslautern and Ramstein, the two US bases closest to the French border.  With SHAPE only 3 hours away and these places 5-6 hours, there was not much incentive to go to Germany for PX’ing.  In Ramstein we spoke French in an Italian restaurant at the officer’s club of a US base in Germany.
2.  Trip with my family to Nuremburg around Christmas time.  Mostly this was spent at various “Christmas” craft markets.  ZZZ.  The tour bus stopped for 15 minutes at the parade grounds (where the Nazi rallies were held, the thousands of SA and SS long gone) and drove past the castle-type thing where the trials were held.
3.   Wedding in July 1996.  Shortly after July 4, my buddy Jean (John) married his German sweetheart Ina in her home town.  Here I learned how poor my German really was, as the reception was in German and I followed none of it.  But Jean was cool and his inlaws were too.   
I really want to go to Berlin, but I’ve never had a chance.  I was in Paris in July 1990, around the time Roger Waters had his Wall concert there.  Kill two birds with one stone, visit BERLIN, and see THE WALL!! – but without money and a means to get there, it couldn’t happen.  Hamburg would be nice, but I don’t know if the Reeperbahn is the same as it was in the 60s when the Beatles and Black Sabbath endured their 8 hours sets at the Star Club and various other dives. 
 Garmisch.  This was my most meaningful German experience.  In January 1990 my brother, my best friend Phil, and I went to Garmisch to go skiing.  Phil was coming from India, so he met us there in Garmisch a few nights after we got there.  We stayed at the Patton Hotel, which had a bar with cheap drinks that closed early.  We skied on the Zugspitze, taking the earliest cable car up in the morning and taking the last one down in the early evening.  Phil and I rented skis, Matt had brought his own.  I was still an advanced snowplower, so I meekly coasted down the intermediate slopes while Matt & Phil raced down, parallel skiing, on the expert slopes.  In December 2008 I finally went skiing again, and made my own transition to parallel skiing at Massanutten – but that was just a patch of snow on the side of the mountain, not the German/Austrian Alps.    

 When I moved back to the US in 1990,that ended European travel except for (A) a trip in 1996 to my friend’s wedding in Germany (mentioned above), and (B) trips to Romania in 2006.  I’ve already chronicled my Bucharest experiences in earlier blog entries, and covered my five trips to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in a much earlier blog. 

 Canada.  For years in college, my “spring break” did not involve Fort Lauderdale or Cancun, but rather staying in my dorm, pretty much alone.   Finally in law school, I left town: Ottawa, Canada, which was experiencing mild weather in mid-March of 1991.  There was snow on the ground, which my friend Sean assured me would be gone had I come a week later.  Ottawa was a strange mix of France and the US, like it couldn’t decide if it was European or American – similar to dreams, in which the scenery and location tends to change by the moment.

 Las Vegas.  Ok, this isn’t Europe (except the Paris hotel, the Bellagio, the Venetian, etc.).   In October 1997 I went by myself to attend the SEMA convention.  SEMA is the trade association for aftermarket suppliers of performance parts for cars.  I was trying – unsuccessfully – to get my company, Innovative Performance Technology (IPT) off the ground, to make 17x9” copies of 16x8” wheels for Camaros and Firebirds. And I stayed in the Luxor Hotel, a copy of the real Luxor I had visited about 12 years before. I enjoyed the experience, but I’d have enjoyed the trip more had I been with someone else. 
            The SEMA show itself was incredible.  I met David Freiburger, the editor of Car Craft; drag racers Jim Yates and Joe Amato; Myron Cottrell, the owner of TPIS; and I saw Vic Edelbrock and his family at the Edelbrock pavilion.  If you’re into cars and making them faster – for your OWN car (not someone else’s multimillion dollar race car) – the SEMA show is for you.
            Two years later, in 1999, I went back again for my best friend’s bachelor party.  We stayed at the Mandalay Bay Hotel, which had just opened.  With a group of friends, it was much more fun – although I only went to a strip joint the first night.  Rollercoaster on New York, New York?  Yes.  Star Trek bar in the Hilton?  Yes.  Fountain at the Mirage?  Yes.  2000 Black Sabbath calendar at Caesar’s Palace?  Yep.  Questioned bartender at the Rio Hotel why he couldn’t make a caipirinha?  Yep.  Naughty hypnotist show? Yep.  Racing simulator at the Sahara?  Yep.  Drinks at the Paris Hotel?  Sure.  We got lots done from Thursday to Saturday.  And I can’t even comment on the things I didn’t see.  “What happens in Vegas, stays in Vegas.” 
            On neither trip did I spend so much as a nickel on gambling.  I’ve been to Atlantic City, New Jersey, but Vegas strikes me as a place where there is so much more to do than simply gamble.  The hotels themselves are marvels of achievement; nothing is half-assed or slipshod.  Caesar’s Palace looks like it could be Roman; the Paris Hotel has a beautiful sky-painted ceiling, “gendarmes” patrolling the avenues, real baguettes in the patisserie, even the metal railings surrounding the tree trunks are authentic.  The Luxor, of course, had its Egyptian motifs, but having seen how dirty the real Luxor was, perhaps total authenticity might not be such a good idea after all.  The other oddity is that the casinos are open 24/7, and the noise of the slot machines is constant.  Hell, there are slot machines on the concourse at the airport, as soon as you get off the plane: you know you’ve arrived in Vegas. 
            This is a unique city which has to be experienced first hand.  One thing you learn from travel, no matter where it is: there is NO substitute for actually being there in person.  No postcards, no slideshows, no travel documentaries, no matter how well produced, can take the place of personally experiencing the grit, dust, dirt and grime of that place.  Stray dogs and gypsies in Bucharest – with its collapsing housing project apartment buildings.  Copacabana’s rundown grime just blocks from the sunny beaches – or the favelas, should you dare to venture into them.  Cars driving on the left side of the road in London, double decker buses, the Tube, and English spoken in that accent.  Those gingerbread architecture and oompa-oompa music in German beer houses – or sleazy sex shows.  Each place has something unique and special to offer, much of which not what the tour guides or travel books want to show you, but which you notice if you keep your eyes, ears and mind open as you absorb the stimulus all around you. 

 Where I Haven’t Been.  I’ve had flights routed through various cities – São Paulo, Brazil; Helsinki, Finland; Milan, Italy – where I never left the terminal.  I’d say that doesn’t count as “being there” since all airports are pretty much the same inside.
            The only part of the Western Hemisphere south of the Rio Grande I’ve been to is Brazil.  I haven’t been to Mexico, Central America, Spanish-speaking South America, or Brazil aside from Rio de Janeiro or Buzios.  Rio is nowhere near the Amazon, and Brazil is similar to the US, a large country with various parts which are different from each other.  I still believe that Rio de Janeiro is the most important part of Brazil to visit (if you’re going to visit Brazil at all) but I will readily concede that there is more to Brazil than Rio.
            I haven’t been to any part of Asia – Vietnam, China, Japan, Korea, Thailand, India, etc.  I’ve been invited to Vietnam several times in the last several years, but since I’ve never had a Vietnamese girlfriend, I don’t speak very much Vietnamese, and I don’t like Vietnamese food, I’ve been reluctant and never took up any of the offers.  In Brazil I could speak Portuguese fairly well, so I could get by on my own.  In Bucharest, my Romanian was too limited to help me out.  I’d be lost in Vietnam without a companion.  I don’t speak any Asian language and haven’t found any Asian food I like.  I really have little interest in visiting any such place with the possible exception of Shanghai or Tokyo.
            In Europe, I haven’t been to Spain, Portugal, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Ireland, Poland (and I’m ¾ Polish), Czech Republic, former Yugoslavia, Greece, Bulgaria, or Turkey (if you consider Turkey part of Europe – debatable).  Egypt does it for “Middle East” or “Africa” depending on how you categorize that country.  I already complained about my limited experiences in Germany, the part of Europe I’m most interested in.
            Actually there are lots of places in the US I haven’t been to: California, Chicago, Texas, Seattle, the Mid West, Minnesota (and I’m a Vikings fan).  I’ve known plenty of foreigners who have more experience traveling in my own country than I do.